THE USE OF CONJUNCTIONS IN THE SPEECH OF QUILOMBOLA REMNANTS OF PORTALEGRE/RN IN THE LIGHT OF SFL
Systemic-Functional Linguistics, Conjunctions, Internal and External Relations, Ideational Metafunction, Quilombola Remnants.
Speech and writing are elements belonging to the communication process from a formal/situational
perspective, with the latter making the use of language a manifestation, making itself available to the
constitutive particularities of language. This perspective considers the historical, cultural and
semantic-pragmatic factors of subjects who use language for communicative and interactive purposes.
Observing that speech is contextualized and integrates the linguistic system, just like writing, this
research, through the speech of descendants of Portalegre/RN, aims to analyze the use of the
conjunctions "but", "because", "and", "because" and "if", so recurrent in the conversations of
quilombolas from the communities of Pêga, Arrojado and Engenho novo. More specifically, the aim
is to see how the internal and external relations of these conjunctions occur and, with this, through 10
clippings chosen from the book A fala de remanescentes quilombolas de Portalegre/RN for analysis,
to show that the use of conjunctions happens through a dynamic language, given that the lexical-
grammatical attributes semantic-discursive meanings, which do not only refer to one form, such as
linking dependent or independent meanings (as conjunctions are explained), as prescribed by most
Normative Grammar (NG) manuals. In this sense, it is necessary, from the perspective of Systemic
Functional Linguistics (SFL) and/or Systemic-Functional Grammar (SFG), to address which semantic
patterns are the result of relationships occurring in a situational and cultural context, which belong to
a system organized in a varied way, responding to the needs of speakers, in a process of interaction of
exchanges linked to use and context. The corpus, therefore, is from the book A fala de Remanescentes
quilombolas de Portalegre do Brasil from 2011, the result of an interview with 06 surveys, in which
the quilombolas relate their experiences and stories of personal life, religion and local politics. The
transcript contains data on the interviewees, such as age, name, gender, level of education, among
others. This research analyzes six surveys to identify the most frequent conjunctions, and thus
understand that their relationships are based on ideational, interpersonal and textual metafunctions,
with an emphasis on the ideational one, in order to observe that the sentence and the meanings of
opposition, explanation, consequence, additional and expectation found are interrelated with
participants, processes and circumstances, composing the message into events. To this end, the
research is based on Halliday and Matthiessen (2014), Mendes (2010-2016), Martin and Rose
(2007[2003]), Neves (1997-2011), Vian Júnior and Mendes (2015). In addition, this is a qualitative
and quantitative study because, as well as discussing the phenomena that occur in conjunctions,
according to the situations in which they are used, it is necessary to quantify the number of times a
single conjunction has internal and external relations.