PHOTOCATALYTIC DEGRADATION OF HYDROXYCHLOROQUINE USING BISMUTH VANADATE CATALYST
Photocatalysis, Chloroquine, Photodegradation, Degradation of contaminants.
The presence of persistent drugs in water bodies, such as hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), has caused concern among researchers. Photocatalysis is an advanced oxidative process that can be used in the degradation of persistent compounds using irradiation-activated semiconductors, an area where bismuth vanadate has been highlighted by the narrow band gap. The present research studied the degradation of HCQ using bismuth vanadate as a catalyst, evaluating as parameters the material concentration and the pH of the medium. The photocatalyst was characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy (DRS) and photocatalytic tests were followed using UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The material showed the monoclinic phase of bismuth vanadate and a band-gap of 2.45 eV. The percentage of mineralization of the molecule was obtained from measurements of Total Organic Carbon (TOC) and the monitoring of intermediates by Ion Chromatography (IC). Photocatalytic tests showed that the concentration of 250 ppm of bismuth vanadate in basic medium was more efficient, removing 74.2% of HCQ and 34.55% of TOC in 180 min. Some intermediates, such as the succinate ion, have been identified.